What is the primary function of Automatic Identification System (AIS) in marine navigation?

The Automatic Identification System (AIS) plays a crucial role in marine navigation by primarily enhancing situational awareness and facilitating collision avoidance. AIS works by automatically broadcasting information about a vessel's identity, position, course, and speed to other nearby vessels and shore stations. This information helps mariners assess the movements of surrounding vessels in real-time, enabling them to make informed decisions to prevent collisions and navigate safely.

In busy maritime environments, where multiple vessels may be operating in close proximity, the ability to receive and interpret AIS data significantly reduces the risk of accidents. This system serves as a vital tool in promoting safety at sea, especially in congested areas such as ports and shipping lanes. Therefore, the primary function of AIS directly aligns with enhancing situational awareness and supporting collision avoidance efforts.